Measurements of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>Z</mml:mi><mml:mi>γ</mml:mi></mml:math>and<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>Z</mml:mi><mml:mi>γ</mml:mi><mml:mi>γ</mml:mi></mml:math>production in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>p</mml:mi><mml:mi>p</mml:mi></mml:math>collisions at<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msqrt><mml:mi>s</mml:mi></mml:msqrt><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>8</mml:mn><mml:mtext> </mml:mtext><mml:mtext> </mml:mtext><mml:mi>TeV</mml:mi></mml:math>with the ATLAS detector
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The production of $Z$ bosons with one or two isolated high-energy photons is studied using $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=8\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{TeV}$. The analyses use a data sample with an integrated luminosity of $20.3\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ collected by the ATLAS detector during the 2012 LHC data taking. The $Z\ensuremath{\gamma}$ and $Z\ensuremath{\gamma}\ensuremath{\gamma}$ production cross sections are measured with leptonic (${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$, ${\ensuremath{\mu}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$, $\ensuremath{\nu}\overline{\ensuremath{\nu}}$) decays of the $Z$ boson, in extended fiducial regions defined in terms of the lepton and photon acceptance. They are then compared to cross-section predictions from the Standard Model, where the sources of the photons are radiation off initial-state quarks and radiative $Z$-boson decay to charged leptons, and from fragmentation of final-state quarks and gluons into photons. The yields of events with photon transverse energy ${E}_{\mathrm{T}}>250\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}$ from ${\ensuremath{\ell}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\ell}}^{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\gamma}$ events and with ${E}_{\mathrm{T}}>400\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}$ from $\ensuremath{\nu}\overline{\ensuremath{\nu}}\ensuremath{\gamma}$ events are used to search for anomalous triple gauge-boson couplings $ZZ\ensuremath{\gamma}$ and $Z\ensuremath{\gamma}\ensuremath{\gamma}$. The yields of events with diphoton invariant mass ${m}_{\ensuremath{\gamma}\ensuremath{\gamma}}>200\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}$ from ${\ensuremath{\ell}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\ell}}^{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\gamma}\ensuremath{\gamma}$ events and with ${m}_{\ensuremath{\gamma}\ensuremath{\gamma}}>300\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}$ from $\ensuremath{\nu}\overline{\ensuremath{\nu}}\ensuremath{\gamma}\ensuremath{\gamma}$ events are used to search for anomalous quartic gauge-boson couplings $ZZ\ensuremath{\gamma}\ensuremath{\gamma}$ and $Z\ensuremath{\gamma}\ensuremath{\gamma}\ensuremath{\gamma}$. No deviations from Standard Model predictions are observed and limits are placed on parameters used to describe anomalous triple and quartic gauge-boson couplings.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.048 | 0.020 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".