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Record W2530080224

Tourism and the Canadian National Parks System: Protection, Use and Balance

2009· book-chapter· en· W2530080224 on OpenAlex
Stephen Boyd, Richard Butler

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

aboutThe title or abstract carries a Canadian signal from the geographic lexicon.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueRoutledge eBooks · 2009
Typebook-chapter
Languageen
FieldEnvironmental Science
TopicAmerican Environmental and Regional History
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsTourismRecreationGeographyNational parkLegislationDominance (genetics)Political scienceNarrativeEnvironmental planningEnvironmental protectionEnvironmental resource managementArchaeologyLaw
DOInot available

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

This was a requested chapter by the editors. The book examined the history and development of national park systems from around the world. This chapter provides the narrative of the development of one of the earliest park systems that took place in what was called 'New World' countries. The story of national parks in Canada is one of accident, followed by an ad hoc strategy until the early legislation of Park Acts were in place. Thereafter the development of the system expanded from a dominantly western one centred around the Rocky mountains to cover almost all regions of Canada from the Atlantic coast, through Ontario, the central prairies, to the west coast and expanding into the northern periphery. The narrative of development is one of balancing the dual mandates of protection and use, recognising that while the system is in place to ensure ecological integrity of unique ecosystems, the dominance of recreation and in particular tourism have become the major drivers of the system and how it is perceived. The chapter addresses the challenges of managing spaces where both mandates have to be upheld, something even more challenging for parks established in the far north where First Peoples and their views and traditions have also to be taken into this mix.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesScience and technology studies
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Other · Consensus signal: Other
Teacher disagreement score0.817
Threshold uncertainty score1.000

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.003
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.011
GPT teacher head0.167
Teacher spread0.156 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it