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Record W2530748241 · doi:10.1680/jenes.14.00012

Waste water of north-west Russia as a threat to the Baltic

2016· article· en· W2530748241 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

venuePublished in a venue whose home country is Canada.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueJournal of Environmental Engineering and Science · 2016
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldEarth and Planetary Sciences
TopicAquatic and Environmental Studies
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsEutrophicationEnvironmental sciencePhosphogypsumPhosphorusSewageBaltic seaEnvironmental protectionSewage treatmentNutrientEcologyEnvironmental engineeringOceanographyChemistryBiology

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

This paper concerns the issue of ecological safety in the Baltic Sea and the danger caused by the nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) issuing from the river basin of north-west Russia. The ecological safety and health of water basins are disturbed when excessive amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus are released from waste water. This results in eutrophication, an increased growth of algae, which causes an imbalance in the ecological system. The cities of Russia’s north-west region lack the funds to renovate their water treatment systems. A solution is to improve the biological water treatment system by introducing a chemical. The main goal of this research is to implement enhanced biological phosphorus removal from domestic sewage. To do this, the authors suggest using waste from the production of sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ) at the ammophos chemical plant in Cherepovets (iron sulfate and phosphogypsum) as reagents. One advantage of these reagents is their low cost. In addition, this solves the problem of their recycling and increases the ecological safety of the rivers in north-west Russia and, thus, of the Baltic Sea. The high removal efficiency of all types of phosphorus and total nitrogen from waste water is attributable to features of micelle creation during coagulation.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.193
Threshold uncertainty score0.291

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.005
GPT teacher head0.152
Teacher spread0.147 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it