An Eight-Element 370–410-GHz Phased-Array Transmitter in 45-nm CMOS SOI With Peak EIRP of 8–8.5 dBm
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper presents a 370-410-GHz phased-array transmitter, which is based on a W-band distribution network, amplifiers, and vector modulators, feeding a linear eight-element quadrupler array. The quadrupler outputs are connected to high-efficiency microstrip antennas. The design is scalable to a large number of elements, since most of the chip operates at W-band frequencies. The chip is built using 45-nm CMOS silicon on insulator technology, which offers transistors with ft and fmax of 250-260 GHz referenced to the top metal. The phased array results an equivalent isotropic radiated power (EIRP) of 5 dBm at 375-405 dBm with a peak EIRP of 7-8.5 dBm at 380-400 GHz and with a pattern scan of +/-35° in one plane. To the best of our knowledge, this is one of the first demonstrations of a phased array operating at 400 GHz using CMOS technology and with wide operating bandwidth.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".