Automatic and continuous assessment of ERPs for mismatch negativity detection
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Accurate and fast detection of event related potential (ERP) components is an unresolved issue in neuroscience and critical health care. Mismatch negativity (MMN) is a component of the ERP to an odd stimulus in a sequence of identical stimuli which has good correlation with coma awakening. All of the previous studies for MMN detection are based on visual inspection of the averaged ERPs (over a long recording time) by a skilled neurophysiologist. However, in practical situations, such an expert may not be available or familiar with all aspects of evoked potential methods. Further, we may miss important clinically essential events due to the implicit averaging process used to acquire the ERPs. In this paper we propose a practical machine learning approach for automatic and continuous assessment of the ERPs for detecting the presence of the MMN component. The proposed method is realized in a classification framework. Performance of the proposed method is demonstrated on 22 healthy subjects through a leave-one subject-out strategy where the MMN components are identified with about 93% accuracy.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".