Fatal pneumothorax in a dog caused by a lesion resembling congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM) of children
Bibliographic record
Abstract
An 8 month old boxer dog was referred for management of acute spontaneous pneumothorax. CT showed multiple variably sized bullae in the right middle lung lobe, and partial or complete atelectasis of all remaining lung lobes. This was assumed to be a case of congenital lobar emphysema (CLE). The dog was anaesthetised for surgery but died from cardiopulmonary arrest during presurgical thoracocentesis. Postmortem examination confirmed that ruptured bullae in the right middle lung lobe were responsible for the dog's pneumothorax and death. In addition, a malformation of the right subclavian artery was present. Histologically, the right middle lung lobe and primary bronchus were malformed, with microscopic changes resembling those of human congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM), rather than CLE. CPAM has not been reported in the veterinary literature and should be considered in the differential diagnosis for spontaneous pneumothorax in dogs.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".