Provisions to Be Negotiated in Franchise Contracts: The Case of Spanish Chains
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper focuses on franchise contract design, identifying different provisions to be included in contracts and testing the contractual heterogeneity in the number of provisions across chains. Analyzing 74 Spanish franchise contracts, we identify 157 different provisions and document notable differences in contract design. Furthermore, we observe that franchise agreements are unbalanced: contracts cover franchisees’ obligations more than franchisors’ obligations. This asymmetry can be explained because franchise contract is the basic tool for the franchisor to attenuate franchisees’ opportunism. However, franchisees may use alternative safeguards such as franchisor reputation. Finally, we also observe that there are provisions that modify others, changing their literal meaning. Given that such interactions have hardly been studied, more research is needed to measure how they modify parties’ rights and obligations.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it