Studying the Superluminal Behavior of UWB Antennas and Its Effect on Near-Field Imaging
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this paper, the superluminal behavior of a radiated pulse in the near-field of an ideal dipole and an ultrawideband antenna is explained and demonstrated through simulations and measurements. The deformation of the radiated pulse in the near-field is illustrated using the ideal dipole antenna radiation as well as by a Vivaldi antenna through full-wave simulations and measurements. The apparent superluminal pulse velocity is due to the pulse reshaping of the radiated pulse in the near-field of the antenna. The pulse velocity is measured by tracking pulse peak, pulse envelope peak, and also calculating the pulse centrovelocity. The superluminal pulse peak velocity of the radiated pulse from a miniaturized Vivaldi antenna is confirmed through measurements in face-to-face and quasi-monostatic radar configurations. The effect of different values of pulse velocities on the quality of reconstructed images using synthetic aperture radar processing is demonstrated as well.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".