Performance comparison of IM-based OFDM and OFDM with multiple constellations
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper compares performance of index modulation (IM) based OFDM to a more flexible version of OFDM, known as OFDM with multiple constellations (OFDM-MConst). To deliver the same spectral efficiency as in the IM-based OFDM, the OFDM-MConst employs different constellations in different subcarriers. The performance comparison between IM-based OFDM and OFDM-MConst is done for both cases of “no precoding” and “with precoding” of data symbols. Thanks to the multipath diversity gain achieved with precoding and enjoyed by all the information bits, the precoded-OFDM-MConst is shown to significantly outperform precoded-IM-based-OFDM systems over frequency-selective Rayleigh fading channels.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".