Effect of Surface Scratch Roughness and Orientation on the Development of SCC of Line Pipe Steel in Near Neutral pH Environment
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This research has focused on the effect of surface roughness and surface scratch orientation on the development of neutral pH SCC on pipeline steels. The susceptibility to neutral pH SCC was assessed in this study using slow strain rate testing on X-65 line pipe steel. The surfaces of the test samples were ground using either #240 or #600 sandpaper to introduce different scratch roughness. Scratches were produced with an orientation parallel, perpendicular and inclined at 45° to the loading direction, respectively. The test samples were exposed to a synthetic neutral pH ground water at both open circuit potential (OCP) and −800 mV (SCE). It has been found that the reduction in ductility due to a near neutral pH environment was more than 20% larger for the specimens with perpendicular scratches than those with parallel scratches, either at OCP or −800 mV (SCE). Roughness appeared to have little effect on the ductility of the specimen with parallel scratches. However, it has some effect on the sample with perpendicular scratches. For these samples, a finer scratch caused more reduction in ductility than the rougher scratches, particularly under cathodically protected conditions. The reduction in ductility for the specimen with scratches 45° inclined to stress axis was in between those with parallel and perpendicular scratches. The difference in ductility arising from scratch roughness and orientation was consistent with the observation of the surface conditions after test. For samples with perpendicular and angle scratches, cracks were seen to coincide with scratch lines. For those with parallel scratches, only short cracks developed in a direction approximately 45° to the stress axis. Mechanisms concerning this scratch-facilitated crack formation are discussed.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it