The facilitative effects by seeds and seedlings on emergence from the seed bank of a desert annual plant community
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Facilitation is important in structuring plant communities in harsh environments although most recent studies have been descriptive and focussed on adult plant interactions. Here, we test for facilitative effects by seeds and seedlings of Erodium laciniatum and Erucaria pinnata on the emergence and subsequent community structure from an annual plant seed bank in the Negev desert, Israel. We specifically test whether (i) the addition of seeds or seedlings of these species increases emergence from the seed bank, (ii) the addition of seeds or seedlings increases final plant community performance, and (iii) the effect of each species is specific. Both Erodium seeds and seedlings acted as a benefactor for the rest of the plant community by increasing density and biomass of the plants germinated from the seed bank. Erodium seedlings had a stronger positive effect than seeds early in the growing season. Erucaria (seeds and seedlings) did not influence the plant community. This suggests that species interactions are specific and that interactions between seeds and between plants and seeds can influence community structure.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".