1.2 V CMOS 1-10 GHz traveling wave amplifiers using coplanar waveguides as on-chip inductors
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The feasibility of using standard 0.18 /spl mu/m CMOS technology for low cost wideband radio frequency integrated circuits (RFIC) at /spl sim/10 GHz is demonstrated. Two different designs of coplanar waveguides (CPW) have been fabricated for loss comparison and the low-loss design has been identified. The measured loss for the 0.5 mm long low-loss design is 0.32 dB at 10 GHz. A monolithically integrated four-stage traveling wave amplifier (TWA) with n-FET cascode gain cells is proposed, with CPW as the on-chip inductive elements, and is being fabricated. Simulated results indicate a 10 dB gain at 1 GHz and unity-gain frequency of 12 GHz. This TWA is also compared with measured results of a previously reported five-stage TWA with single n-FET gain cells. A new design for a distributed oscillator using a TWA is proposed and is currently being fabricated.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".