Combined M-ary Code Shift/Differential Chaos Shift Keying for Low-Rate UWB Communications
Bibliographic record
Abstract
M-ary code shift keying (MCSK) is combined with differential chaos shift keying (DCSK) for low-rate UWB communications. The combined M-ary code shift (MCS)/DCSK shifts the reference-information signal pair to the location determined by (log/sub 2/ M)-bit data, hence transmitting a (1 + log/sub 2/ M)-bit symbol for the duration of one bit transmitted using DCSK, which in turn can be used to increase the silent periods within and between transmitted signal pairs. The resulting signaling format improves the bit error probability (BEP) performance of DCSK-based systems without altering the receiver structure or increasing the computational complexity, and provides longer silent periods to combat the worse effects of multipath (MP) fading. These results can be used to improve the ranging and location capability of DCSK-based low-rate ultra wideband (UWB) communication systems.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".