Asymmetric competition between a hemiparasitic plant and a cyst nematode on a shared host plant
Bibliographic record
Abstract
AbstractClosely related parasites can compete for limited resources of a shared host. We extend prior work by examining the interactions of two parasites from different kingdoms. We conducted a greenhouse experiment to test for possible competition between a root hemiparasitic plant Rhinanthus serotinus (Schönh.) Oborny and a plant parasitic cyst nematode (Heterodera trifolii Goffart) which share a common host plant, the red clover (Trifolium pratense L.). Competition between these species was strongly asymmetric: the presence of nematodes reduced the biomass and flower production of the hemiparasitic plant by 74% and 81%, respectively. In fact, the performance of hemiparasites grown on nematode-infected hosts was about as poor as that of hemiparasites grown without a host plant. In contrast, the presence of the hemiparasitic plant did not affect the population size or number of cysts produced by the parasitic nematodes. These results demonstrate competition between an animal parasite and a plant parasite for a shared host resource.RésuméLes parasites occupant les mêmes niches écologiques peuvent être en compétition pour les ressources limitées d’un hôte commun. Nous avons examiné les interactions entre des parasites appartenant à différents règnes. Nous avons mené une expérience en serre afin d’évaluer la compétition entre une plante hémi-parasite s’attaquant au système racinaire de la plante-hôte Rhinantus serotinus (Schönh.) Oborny et un nématode à kyste (Heterodera trifolii Goffart) qui partage le Trèfle rouge (Trifolium pratense L.) comme plante-hôte commune. Les résultats montrent que la compétition entre ces deux espèces est fortement asymétrique : la présence des nématodes réduit la biomasse ainsi que la floraison de la plante hémi-parasite respectivement de 74 % et 81 %. En fait, la performance de la plante hémi-parasite sur un sol préalablement infesté de nématodes est du même ordre que celle enregistrée lorsque la croissance s’effectue en absence de la plante-hôte. Par contre, la présence de la plante hémi-parasite n’affecte aucunement la taille de la population ou le nombre de kystes produits par les nématodes parasites. Ces résultats démontrent qu’il peut y avoir une compétition entre un parasite animal et un parasite végétal pour les ressources d’un hôte commun.Key Words: Asymmetric competitionInter-kingdom competitionMultiparasite infectionParasitic nematodeParasitic plantMots-clés: Compétition asymétriqueCompétition inter-règneInfection multi-parasitaireNématode parasitairePlante parasitaire
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".