The small-scale spatiotemporal pattern of a seed bank in the Negev Desert, Israel
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Seed banks are generally considered clumped, but few studies document the small-scale horizontal spatial pattern of seeds. We measured the horizontal spatial pattern of a seed bank for an annual plant community (ca 20 species) in the Negev desert, Israel, using geostatistics to test whether the seed bank changes over time or along a natural stress gradient. We also tested for differences between large and small seeds. Seed was collected at three different times and at two locations (high and low stress) on a semi-stabilized sand dune using contiguous 3-cm cores. Using semivariograms to measure the degree of aggregation, we detected a clump size of 85 cm2 that was consistent across time, stress level, and seed size. This consistency could be extremely important if small-scale clumping of seed banks generates specific associations between species of seeds and the emergent plants. Further work with seed bank-based communities would strongly benefit from measures of spatial pattern and species associations of seeds.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".