The New Direction of Federal Agricultural Research in Canada: From Public Good to Private Gain?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Federal policy innovation in agricultural research in Canada between the mid-1980s and late 1990s resulted in a notable shift towards market-based policy ideas. There has been a clear departure from the relatively autonomous status of the federal agricultural research effort. The nature of policy change can be credited largely to the public philosophy of technological neoliberalism. The impetus came from fiscal restraint. The new emphasis on public-private partnerships suggests policy convergence is occurring with the United States. The potential effects of policy change, in particular greater industry influence on setting goals for public research, are fuelling concerns about the future of public-good agricultural research in Canada.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.025 | 0.035 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.005 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.020 | 0.025 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.027 | 0.010 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.006 |
| Research integrity | 0.009 | 0.010 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.009 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".