Identification of Polyketides in the Cuticular Waxes of <i>Triticum aestivum</i> cv. Bethlehem
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Cuticular waxes are complex mixtures consisting mostly of very‐long‐chain aliphatics with single, primary functional groups. However, the waxes of many plant species also include aliphatics with one or more functional groups residing on subterminal or mid‐chain carbons. In the present work, the cuticular wax mixtures from flag leaf blades and peduncles of Triticum aestivum cv. Bethlehem were analyzed in a search for novel wax constituents with in‐chain functionalities, potentially of polyketide origin. The structures of compounds belonging to six different compound classes were elucidated using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry of various derivatives. Among them, a series of 2,4‐ketols was identified, with odd carbon numbers ranging from C 25 to C 37 and peaking at C 33 . The analogous C 33 2,4‐diketone was identified as well, together with a pair of co‐eluting C 31 mid‐chain β‐ketol isomers (16‐hydroxyhentriacontan‐14‐one and 14‐hydroxyhentriacontan‐16‐one), a pair of co‐eluting C 30 mid‐chain α‐ketol isomers (15‐hydroxytriacontan‐14‐one and 14‐hydroxytriacontan‐15‐one), the corresponding C 30 14,15‐diketone, and a pair of co‐eluting C 31 ketones (hentriacontan‐14‐one and hentriacontan‐16‐one). All newly discovered structures contain ketone functional groups, with similar C 13 H 27 and C 15 H 31 alkyl chains on either side of the functionalities, thus resembling the previously reported very‐long‐chain β‐diketones dominating the wheat wax mixtures. Based on these structural characteristics, possible biosynthetic pathways leading to the newly identified polyketide‐like compounds are proposed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".