Design and experiment of high temperature wedges for shear horizontal plate acoustic waves
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Theoretical and experimental studies of ultrasonic wedges which can generate and receive shear horizontal (SH) plate acoustic waves (PAWs) in a metal plate at temperatures up to 200°C are presented. Brass which has a slow shear (S) wave velocity was chosen as the high temperature wedge material. Mode conversion method is used to convert longitudinal (L) waves generated by a high temperature integrated ultrasonic transducer to S waves in the brass wedge. The calculated L to S wave mode energy conversion efficiency is 79.7% with a conversion angle of 64.1°. The S waves in the wedge glued onto a stainless steel (SS) plate with a wedge angle of 42.9° have been converted to SH PAWs in the SS plate. Analytical analysis of the coupling coefficient from the S waves in the wedge to the SH PAWs in the plate is presented. Measurement results demonstrated that SH PAWs using such wedges may be a practical approach for non-destructive testing and structural health monitoring of metal structures.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".