Experiences of Students with Learning Disabilities in Ontario Universities: A Case Study.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This qualitative study examines the university experiences of four students with learning disabilities (LDs) in Ontario. The research focuses on individual and institutional barriers and facilitators, as well as social supports. Using a case study design, a series of three in-depth interviews were conducted with the participants. The findings showed that although the students’ LDs could compromise their academic performance in university, they made use of the accommodations and services available to them and did well. In contrast to other research, these participants did not encounter any institutional barriers (i.e., professors’ negative attitudes towards granting accommodations). Though they had all developed individual capacities that were important to their success, the students revealed that without a facilitating environment, they would not have achieved high grades. In this study, social supports were less important facilitators than individual capacities and institutional support. It is recommended that postsecondary institutions manage exam accommodations, thereby guaranteeing the opportunity for students with LDs to realize their academic potential.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.020 | 0.006 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.006 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".