Prediction of Sea Clutter Based on Chaos Theory with RBF and K-mean Clustering
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Artificial neural network (ANN) has been widely applied in time series analysis, typically, it can give an effective method to solve complicated problems which are too complex to understand in physic and statistic method, or observation data varied statistically and the data generated in nonlinear mechanism. Based on the underlying dynamic mechanism of the sea clutter, to reconstruct the nonlinear model of dynamical phase space, correlation integral (also called C-C method) and Cao method are used to get time delay tau and embedding dimensionmin this paper. Furthermore, an algorithm of radial basis function (RBF) with k-mean clustering to adjust and modify the networks is also presented to predict the nonlinear characteristic sea clutter for the goal of detecting the weak target signals beneath the sea clutter. With the new algorithms, computation complexity can be deduced while its reliability can be greatly improved. It also can satisfy the real-time requirement in real application. More detailed calculates and test results are presented
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".