Low-temperature synthesis of C<sub>4</sub>AF by self-propagating combustion reaction
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Low-temperature synthesis of tetracalcium aluminoferrite (C4AF) by the self-propagating combustion reaction (SPCR) method using urea as fuel and metal nitrates as cation precursors is studied, and the mechanism of the combustion reaction is also introduced. Decomposition behaviour of metal nitrates and urea is analysed by differential thermogravimetric analysis, and characterisation of synthesised C4AF is performed by X-ray diffractometry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. It is found that C4AF with good crystallinity and high purity could be synthesised in a straightforward way by the SPCR method in 2 h at 500°C. The free lime content of synthesised C4AF is below the detection limit. Further calcination of synthesised C4AF at higher temperatures is only beneficial for improving the crystallinity. It has no effect on chemical structure, and the corresponding hydration behaviour.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".