Top-down design and synthesis of inherently-stable integrator-based high-order amplifiers
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A defined, straightforward top-down design method is proposed for developing inherently-stable, fast-settling high-order amplifiers. The method effectively defines the closed-loop response for a multistage amplifier through a desirable transfer function, such as of a time-domain filter, and combines an efficient gm-based procedure to implement a compact corresponding CMOS circuit. The amplifier will be composed of a cascade of gm-C integrators to supply the dc gain, followed by a stabilizing controller. Hence, several gain stages, more than the typical three, can be employed to build high-order structures that can achieve ultra-high gain. In support of the proposed approach, a four-stage operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) with a third-order modified-Bessel unity-gain feedback response is implemented in 0.13-μm CMOS. Simulation results demonstrate that the OTA achieves a dc gain of 78 dB and realizes the anticipated, pre-defined closed-loop response while driving a 1-pF capacitive load.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".