Encapsulated source contact dose estimates incorporating secondary electron emission
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Secondary electron emission generated at the surface of thin material from interaction with gamma rays form a significant component of the surface dose. The intensity of this emission is known to vary with material composition and incident radiation energies. The goal of this research effort is to estimate the emission strength from radioactive sources utilized in the early history of cancer Brachytherapy, and develop dose conversion factors from that data. Data was obtained by utilizing a comparative stochastic analysis, conducted with the Monte Carlo radiation transport code MCNPX. Emission intensities were measured at the surface of source encapsulation and at increasing distances in tissue equivalent material. It is shown that the results obtained correlate to the historical trends, however the electron component of the simulated emission is of greater by several orders of magnitude than that previously estimated. The dose conversion factors found from simulation will assign a higher absorbed dose than those currently published. The corollary is that the current published values are under attributing dose for a given radiation injury, which hinders effective treatment.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".