Irène Senécal and Moniques Richard as agents of change in art education in francophone Quebec (1940–2015): From drawing to multimodality
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract This article focuses on the roles of two agents of change, Irène Senécal and Moniques Richard, in francophone Quebec between 1940 and 2015. During these decades, modernist and postmodernist art education replaced traditional drawing education. Our goal is to examine how these leaders succeeded in bringing changes to the school milieu and to the internal dynamics of the disciplinary field of art education. Through case studies, we raise a number of points about these agents, concerning their backgrounds, their located educational actions, their theoretical affiliations, their network of influence, and the cultural and social context of the period. We use the concept of the agent of change as an innovative and distributed leadership, and the metaphor of turbulence to situate the innovations in relation to important changes in Quebec’s school programmes and to better understand the turmoil that characterizes these changes. Senécal took part in the child-centred paradigm shift in the 1950s and introduced a modernist approach based on the principles of design in the 1960s while Richard contributed to an in-depth questioning of the limits of modernism in the 1990s, which led to an understanding of youth culture in the 2000s and a multimodal approach in the 2010s. Their paths lead in different ways to changes in the schools through rich networks of collaboration, creating turbulences between paces of stability and innovation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.016 | 0.011 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.008 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".