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Record W2549579226 · doi:10.2523/iptc-18627-ms

Analytical Solution of Matrix Permeability of Organic-Rich Shale

2016· article· en· W2549579226 on OpenAlex
Rui Wang, Kai Zhang, Pachari Detpunyawat, Jiayi Cao, Jie Zhan

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.

Bibliographic record

VenueInternational Petroleum Technology Conference · 2016
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldEngineering
TopicHydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis
Canadian institutionsUniversity of Calgary
Fundersnot available
KeywordsKnudsen diffusionPermeability (electromagnetism)Knudsen numberOil shaleAdsorptionMaterials scienceChemistrySurface diffusionChemical engineeringPorosityChemical physicsThermodynamicsComposite materialGeologyPhysical chemistry

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Abstract Apparent matrix permeability of organic-rich shale is complicated because of its unique pore structure, gas storage and transport mechanisms. In inorganic pores, free gas is the only phase considered. While in organic pores, adsorbed phase coexists with free gas. Surface diffusion is the transport mechanism of the adsorbed phase. However, transport mechanism of free gas varies during production and is distinguished by the Knudsen number. Slip flow, transition flow, Knudsen diffusion and surface diffusion are found in organic pores, whereas only slip flow and transition flow occur in inorganic pores. The effects of pore size, pressure and temperature on the transport mechanism are discussed. Pressure reduction causes a change in transport mechanisms during production. Stress dependency of inorganic pores is one of the factors that affect pore size, transport mechanism and permeability. The apparent permeability is derived by calculating the geometric average of permeability of different units with varying pore sizes and permeabilities. Sensitivity analysis shows that stress-dependency plays an important role in inorganic pores, which results in the positive correlation between permeability and pressure. Conversely, in inorganic pores, permeability increases as pressure decreases. As a result, permeability decreases and then increases with decreasing pressure.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Bench or experimental · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.595
Threshold uncertainty score0.860

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0010.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.013
GPT teacher head0.251
Teacher spread0.238 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it