Method to Improve the Linearity of Active Commutating Mixers Using Dynamic Current Injection
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Dynamic and static current injection methods to improve the linearity of a current commutating mixer are investigated and a double-balanced CMOS mixer (DBM) providing high linearity is presented in this paper. A cross-coupled pair is used in the IF stage of the mixer to dynamically inject current into the mixer to provide a high linearity. The proposed DBM was fabricated using a standard 130-nm CMOS process and was tested on-wafer. The double-balanced mixer delivers 10-dB conversion gain, 9.5-dBm third-order intercept point, and input P1dB of -2.4 dBm. RF bandwidth of the proposed mixer is 6 GHz, covering 0.5-6.5 GHz with an IF bandwidth of 300 MHz. RF to IF and LO to IF isolation are also better than 59 dB in the whole frequency band. The circuit uses an area of 0.015 mm2excluding bonding pads and draws 4.5 mW from a 1.2 V supply.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".