Rapid Impedance Growth and Gas Production at the Li-Ion Cell Positive Electrode in the Absence of a Negative Electrode
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The effects of electrolyte additives on gas evolution, gas consumption and impedance growth at elevated temperature have been studied using Li[Ni 0.42 Mn 0.42 Co 0.16 ]O 2 (NMC442)/graphite pouch cells and pouch bags containing delithiated NMC442 or lithiated graphite electrodes plus electrolyte. It was found that there was much more gas, mostly CO 2 , generated in pouch bags containing charged positive electrodes than pouch cells. It was found that the impedance of the charged positive electrodes stored in pouch bags increased dramatically, while those stored in pouch cells did not. The two observations show that there are interactions between positive and negative electrodes that limit gas evolution and reduce impedance growth in Li-ion cells. To verify this, CO 2 intentionally added to pouch bags containing lithiated graphite and electrolyte was consumed. The use of several electrolyte additives, known to affect gassing and high voltage cycling did not substantially alter these conclusions. XPS studies were used to eliminate some possible mechanisms responsible for these phenomena.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".