CLEAR AS MUD: THE TYPE I/TYPE II MODEL FOR DEATH RECEPTOR-INDUCED APOPTOSIS
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Apoptosis is a highly organized form of cell death that plays an important regulatory role in many biological processes. The relationship between the two classical signalling pathways of apoptosis, the “death receptor” and “mitochondrial” pathways, was only vaguely appreciated until 1998, when death receptor pathway-mediated activation of the mitochondrial pathway was clearly demonstrated for the first time. The “type I/type II” model of death receptor-mediated apoptosis was proposed and subsequently adopted for use in categorizing cells according to the involvement of the mitochondrion duringdeath receptor-induced apoptosis. Since that time, however, different interpretations of the type I/type II cell definition have appeared in the literature and, consequently, the meaning of type I and type II cells has become less clear.L’apoptose est une forme de mort cellulaire très structurée qui joue un rôle important de régulation dans un grand nombre de processus biologiques. La relation entre les deux voies de signalisation traditionnelles de l’apoptose, la voie des « récepteurs de mort » et la voie mitochondriale, n’était connue que vaguement avant 1998, l'année où l’activation de la voie mitochondriale par l’intermédiaire de la voie des récepteurs de mort a été clairement démontrée pour la première fois. Le modèle « type I / type II » d’apoptose par l’intermédiaire des récepteurs de mort a été proposé puis adopté auxfins de catégorisation des cellules en fonction de la participation des mitochondries à cette apoptose. Depuis, différentes interprétations ont toutefois été formulées dans des ouvrages scientifiques quant à la définition des cellules de type I et de type II et, par conséquent, la signification de « cellules de type I » et de « cellules de type II » est devenue moins évidente.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.006 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.006 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.008 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.011 | 0.004 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".