A Non-equilibrium Approach to Model Dynamic Composite Systems with Interface Transport**The research presented in this paper was supported by the Institute of Information and Communication Technologies, Electronics and Applied Mathematics (ICTEAM) at Universit catholique de Louvain, the Belgian Interuniversity Attraction Poles "Dynamical systems, control and optimization" (DYSCO) and the Mexican Council for Science and Technology (CONACYT).
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this note, we derive a dynamical model that tracks the evolution of the internal energy, the volume and the molar compositions of composite systems. The proposed modeling approach considers interface transport using a non-equilibrium thermodynamic perspective and predicts dynamical trajectories to thermodynamic equilibrium. Both closed and open systems are considered and, for both cases, it is shown that expected equilibrium properties are recovered. Numerical simulations based on the proposed model show the potential of the proposed non-equilibrium approach for open and closed multiphase systems.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it