Electrolysis of CO<sub>2</sub> to Syngas in Bipolar Membrane-Based Electrochemical Cells
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The electrolysis of CO 2 to syngas (CO + H 2 ) using nonprecious metal electrocatalysts was studied in bipolar membrane-based electrochemical cells. Electrolysis was carried out using aqueous bicarbonate and humidified gaseous CO 2 on the cathode side of the cell, with Ag or Bi/ionic liquid cathode electrocatalysts. In both cases, stable currents were observed over a period of hours with an aqueous alkaline electrolyte and NiFeO x electrocatalyst on the anode side of the cell. In contrast, the performance of the cells degraded rapidly when conventional anion- and cation-exchange membranes were used in place of the bipolar membrane. In agreement with earlier reports, the Faradaic efficiency for CO 2 reduction to CO was high at low overpotential. In the liquid-phase bipolar membrane cell, the Faradaic efficiency was stable at about 50% at 30 mA/cm 2 current density. In the gas-phase cell, current densities up to 200 mA/cm 2 could be obtained, albeit at lower Faradaic efficiency for CO production. At low overpotentials in the gas-phase cathode cell, the Faradaic efficiency for CO production was initially high but dropped within 1 h, most likely because of dewetting of the ionic liquid from the Bi catalyst surface. The effective management of protons in bipolar membrane cells enables stable operation and the possibility of practical CO 2 electrolysis at high current densities.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".