Use of Combined Magnetic Field Treatment for Fracture Nonunion
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The use of noninvasive bone growth stimulators is a nonoperative treatment option for fracture nonunions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the initial effectiveness of the combined magnetic field (CMF) bone growth stimulation in the treatment of fracture nonunions. Using data from a large nonunion fracture registry, we reviewed fracture-healing-outcome data and healing times for all patients treated with a CMF bone growth stimulator during a 4-yr period. Overall, 75% of the 2370 included patients achieved fracture union. Healing rates ranged from 64.0% in patients with femoral fractures to 89.7% in patients with carpal/metacarpal fractures. The weighted mean time to heal was 4.9 ± 1.0 mo. Patients treated earlier than 6 mo with CMF following injury demonstrated significantly greater healing rates and shorter mean times to heal than patients treated 6 mo or more following injury. These results indicate that CMF bone stimulation is a potentially beneficial noninvasive treatment modality for nonunions; however, high-quality comparative research is required to further evaluate the efficacy, potential prognostic factors, and contraindications for the use of this treatment modality.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".