The Short and Long Term Effects of Elevated Temperature on the Mechanical Properties of Line Pipe Steels
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The mechanical properties of six industrially produced pipeline steels equivalent to API X52, X60, and X70 specifications were evaluated in the temperature range of 200–350 °C. The steels were tested in uniaxial tension at strain rates of 10−4 and 8 × 10−4 s−1 in the as-received condition and after a low temperature 100 h aging process under a 419 MPa tensile stress. Dynamic strain aging was identified in the tensile data with the observation of serrated yielding, minima in ductility and maxima in ultimate tensile strength with respect to temperature. In addition to minima in ductility, higher strength grade steels exhibited maxima in ductility at high temperatures and greater amounts of strengthening compared to the lower strength grade, both which could be attributed to the precipitation of carbides or nitrides during tensile deformation. The low temperature aging process resulted in increased yield strength due to static strain aging, slight changes to ultimate tensile stress and, no observable change in ductility. Thus, based on the results discussed it is suggested that pipeline steels can be designed based on room temperature tensile properties, using established corrections for such properties at elevated temperatures.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".