Beam-tilting antenna with metamaterial loading
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this work, we proposed a beam-tilting antenna based on metamaterial loading. The proposed antenna consists of a dielectric resonator antennas (DRA) and 1 × 4 array of negative refractive index metamaterial (NRIM) unit-cells fixed above the DRA. The proposed NRIM unit-cell comprises of a fractal cross ring resonator structure which performs a negative refractive index during band of 5-5.5 GHz. The direction of propagation and phase can be changed when EM waves entering a media of negative refractive index. Hence, beam-tilting can be implemented by using proposed NRIM unit-cells with DRA. The simulation and experimental results show that DAR can steer the main beam by 38° in the xoz-plane over 5-5.5 GHz band. The S11of antenna is better than -10 dB from 5 GHz to 5.5 GHz. A good agreement is found between the simulated and measured results.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".