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Record W255576673

What's Your Privacy IQ? Test Your Legislative Knowledge

2012· article· en· W255576673 on OpenAlexaboutno aff
Nancy A. Cohen, Marilyn Prosch

Bibliographic record

VenueJournal of accountancy online/Journal of accountancy · 2012
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldComputer Science
TopicCybercrime and Law Enforcement Studies
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsIdentity theftPersonally identifiable informationCredit cardData breachInternet privacyBusinessInformation privacy lawInformation privacyPhoneComputer securityLawPrivacy policyPaymentComputer sciencePolitical science
DOInot available

Abstract

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[ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] Maintaining the privacy and protection of customers' and employees' personal information is a risk management issue for all organizations. The increase in identity theft is also a concern for all organizations. Laws and regulations continue to place requirements on businesses for the protection of personal data. Myriad laws and regulations address privacy concerns and the collection, use, disclosure, and disposal of personally identifiable information. How much do you know about the multitude of privacy regulations that exist today? Take this quiz to find out. 1. Which was the first state to enact a data security breach law? a. Mississippi. b. California. c. Massachusetts. d. Kentucky 2. Which of the following laws deals with the privacy of student education records? a. FACTA. b. HITECH. c. FERPA. d. COPPA. 3. The CAN-SPAM Act is a law that sets the rules for commercial email and establishes requirements for commercial messages. Which of the following is not a requirement of the CAN-SPAM Act? a. Don't use false or misleading header information in emails. b. Don't use deceptive subject lines in emails. c. Honor opt-out requests within 90 days of receipt. d. Tell recipients where you're located. 4. The Red Flags Rule requires and creditors to implement a written program to prevent and respond to which of the following? a. Network security breaches. b. Identity theft. c. Loan fraud. d. All of the above. 5. Many companies collect personal information from their customers, including names, addresses, and phone numbers; bank and credit card account numbers; income and credit histories; and Social Security numbers. The Gramm-Leach-Bliley (GLB) Act requires companies defined under the law as financial institutions to ensure the security and confidentiality of this type of information. Which of the following items are parts of the GLB Act? a. Safeguards rule. b. Financial privacy rule. c. Pretexting provisions. d. All of the above. 6. What types of entities (considered as covered entities) must comply with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)? a. Health insurers. b. Health care providers. c. Pharmacies. d. Health care clearinghouses. e. All of the above. 7. Which of the following is true about the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act (HITECH)? a. Electronic health records are not covered. b. If 500 or more health records are breached, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services must be notified. c. Only HIPAA-required entities are covered, not business associates. d. Individuals are allowed to bring law suits against health care providers for data breaches. e. All of the above. 8. The U.S. Department of Commerce, in consultation with the European Commission, developed a safe harbor framework to bridge the different privacy approaches of the European Union and the United States. To ensure compliance with the framework, an organization must have which of the following components in place? a. Verification. b. Dispute resolution. c. Remedy. d. All of the above. 9. What is the Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act (PIPEDA)? a. The Canadian law relating to data privacy b. The U.K. law relating to data privacy c. The Massachusetts privacy law, the toughest in the United States. d. None of the above. 10. The Privacy Act of 1974 establishes a code of fair information practices that governs the collection, maintenance, use, and dissemination of information about individuals maintained in records systems by: a. …

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.003
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.001
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesMeta-epidemiology (narrow), Scholarly communication
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.486
Threshold uncertainty score1.000

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0030.001
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0010.001
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0020.001
Bibliometrics0.0010.001
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0010.023
Open science0.0030.001
Research integrity0.0000.002
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.052
GPT teacher head0.343
Teacher spread0.291 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

Study designNot applicable
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations1
Published2012
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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