A Tentative Analysis of Difference of Revenge Between Chinese and Western Classical Literature: In the Case of Hamlet and The Orphan of Zhao
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Revenge is a cultural phenomenon that almost prevails in the various nationality ethics. There are many tragic works with the theme of revenge in Chinese and Western literature. The tragedy of Shakespeare’s Hamlet and the drama of Ji Junxiang’s The Orphan of Zhao in the Yuan Dynasty are outstanding representatives of the classical Western and Chinese tragedies with common theme of revenge. Although Shakespeare’s Hamlet and Ji Junxiang’s The Orphan of Zhao have the same revenge theme, people are more aware of big differences about the theme, tragedy aesthetics and cultural backgrounds, which differentiate the periods of social development, cultural traditions, national aesthetic awareness, historical cultural backgrounds and other aspects. This paper will employ the Parallelism Methodology to compare these two tragedies from four aspects, including the tragic theme, tragic figure, tragic conflict, and tragic ending. The purposes of this paper are to help readers gain a deeper understanding of characteristics and significance of these two kinds of tragedies and to delve into the effect of cultural background of literary works to explore some common laws about development of all national literature.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.005 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.005 | 0.013 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".