Functional Properties of Protein Isolates Produced by Aqueous Extraction of De‐hulled Yellow Mustard
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Two types of protein isolates were prepared from de‐hulled yellow mustard flour by aqueous extraction, membrane processing and isoelectric precipitation. The precipitated and soluble protein isolates had 96.0 and 83.5% protein content on a moisture and oil free basis, respectively. Their functional properties were evaluated and compared with commercial soybean and other Brassica protein isolates. The soluble protein isolate exhibited high values for all properties. The precipitated protein isolate showed excellent oil absorption and emulsifying properties but poor solubility, water absorption and foaming properties due to its high lipid content (~25%). Storage temperature had limited effect on lipid oxidation, and hence the stability of the precipitated protein isolate at 25–45 °C. Flavor of wieners and bologna prepared with 2% of this isolate as binder was comparable to those prepared with soy protein isolate.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".