Experimental Investigation of Wave Loads on Ice Masses at Different Proximity to Fixed Offshore Structure
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Wave driven iceberg and bergy bits’ impact load with an offshore structure is an important design concern. Hydrodynamic interaction between iceberg / bergy bit and an offshore structure in close proximity is an important factor that governs the impact load. Recently, a set of experiments has been conducted at Ocean Engineering Research Center (OERC) at Memorial University of Newfoundland to measure the wave loads on different sized spherical ice masses at different proximity to a fixed structure. A six component dynamometer was used to measure the loads in a quasi-static manner in six regular head waves. The objective was to investigate change in wave loads as the ice mass approaches to the structure. The experimental results show that the distance to wavelength ratio dictates the corresponding wave loads in horizontal and vertical directions. The mean drift force in the horizontal direction becomes negative (against the direction of wave propagation) for most of the cases when the body is close to the structure. Also, as the body is positioned closer to the structure, the non-dimensional RMS forces in the horizontal direction decrease and the non-dimensional RMS forces in the vertical direction increase.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".