19th biennial IPEG Meeting
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In waking and sleeping states, thalamocortical system generates a variety of oscillations ranging from 0.1 Hz to hundreds of Hz. Most of them are present during NREM sleep, but slower activities prevail in this state of vigilance. Thalamocortical network is organized in a loop in which thalamocortical cells excite reticular thalamic and neocortical cells, reticular thalamic cells inhibit thalamocortical cells and corticothalamic cells excite thalamocortical and reticular thalamic cells. Despite stable anatomical connectivity, different types of oscillations preferentially originate either in neocortex or in thalamus. During sleep stage 2, spindle oscillation (9-15 Hz) is a dominant type of activity. It is well accepted that spindles originate in the thalamus via interplay of firing of reticular thalamic and thalamocortical neurons, but neocortex controls spindle generation. Spindles can be divided on fast and slow. Several properties of slow spindles do not match known mechanisms of their thalamic origin. Slow oscillation (about 1 Hz) dominates slow-wave sleep stage. Each slow wave is composed of hyperpolarized or silent and depolarized and active state. Active states may be accompanied by spindles and higher frequency activities. Slow waves originate mainly in deep cortical layers from which they propagate to more superficial layers and they also propagate horizontally. Full expression of slow wave activities requires the presence of thalamus, although slow oscillation can be recorded in athalamic preparations. Therefore, despite the fact of preferential origin of different sleep oscillations in either neocortex or in thalamus, only the full thalamocortical network can generate sleep activities with known properties.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.129 | 0.067 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".