The Status of Women in the Idea of “Rifa’a Tahtavy”
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Arab intellectuals in the nineteenth century during their travels to Western countries wanted to reform the social problems of their country, which mixed with religion and tradition. Some of these problems were Women’s issues, including education, dress, marriage, etc. The intellectuals included of diverse groups of people: poet, author, historian, etc. “Rifa’a Tahtavy 1801-1873 AD” was one of the scholars of the movement that believed in gender equality in the areas of personal and social. In his view of point, modeling from European countries in the field of education was critical. Rifa’a believed that there is a strong relationship between the progress of women and promotion of intellectual and cultural level. In his mind, achievement of nations depends on their respect for women. He knew mutual love as the primary condition for the marriage of girls and chastity and decency of women affiliated with the correct training. In this article, we will attempt to look at women’s issues, including education, employment, marriage, and dress in Tahtavy views.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.010 | 0.017 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".