Adhesion of Oxides Grown in Supercritical Water on Selected Austenitic and Ferritic/Martensitic Alloys
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A series of austenitic alloys (800H, H214, I625, 310S, and 347) with different surface finishes were exposed to supercritical water (SCW) at 550 °C and 2.5 × 107 Pa for 120 h, 260 h, and 450 h in a static autoclave with an initial level of dissolved oxygen of 8 ppm. Indentation with a hardness indenter was used for assessment of oxide adhesion. This was compared with the results of a similar test on SCW-oxidized ferritic alloys. Delamination in all the tested ferritic alloys was insufficient for quantification of the results but allowed for qualitative comparison within this group. In the set of austenitic alloys, oxide on stainless steel (SS) 347 exfoliated during cooling from 550 °C, and from the remaining four alloys, only oxide on H214 delaminated, which made the qualitative comparison across the whole group impossible. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) revealed that under delaminated external Cr2O3 on H214 alloy, there was a submicron thick layer of Al-rich oxide. To investigate a possible oxide spallation on austenitic samples during exposure, mass loss obtained through descaling was compared with mass gain due to SCW exposure. The results indicated that the applied descaling procedure did not, in most cases, fully remove the scale. Apart from one case (SS 347 with alumina surface finish), there was no clear indication of oxide spallation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".