Reexamination of Ehrenberg's Neogene Radiolarian Collections and its Impact on Taxonomic Stability
Bibliographic record
Abstract
All remaining Neogene polycystine radiolarian specimens which were examined by Ehrenberg were searched for in the Ehrenberg Collection, Museum fur Naturkunde, Humboldt Uni- versity, Berlin, Germany. Almost all the illustrated specimens in his publications were located by using published and unpublished source materials. These specimens are candidate lectotypes. Howev- er, rigid application of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) would in some case causes scientifically unfruitful confusion and dispute because of very different modern accepted usage of several generic names (i.e. Acanthosphaera, Cenosphaera, Dictyophimus and Pterocanium). For these alternate type species may be required. Some illustrated specimens in publications are also broken by cracks in the embedding Canada balsam (i.e. Podocyrtis aegles) or are poorly preserved (i.e. Haliomma hexagonum) so that alternate type specimens may be required. For these reasons, we do not formally designate types in our paper, only pointing out taxonomic problems where appropri- ate.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.014 | 0.037 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.008 | 0.007 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".