CD151 as a prognostic indicator in malignancy of the bladder and prostate.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
295 Background: CD151 is a tetraspanin protein linked to cellular growth and motility. Recent work has suggested that CD151 may play a role in metastases in a variety of cancers, but as yet there is no evidence that it plays a role in transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder (TCC) or prostate adenocarcinoma (PCa). We wished to check the protein expression of CD151 in radical cystectomy (RC) and radical prostatectomy (RRP) tumour specimens to look for any association with disease progression and survival. Methods: Tissue was attained from 99 patients who had undergone RRP for PCa (mean follow up 12.4 years) and from 67 patients undergoing RC for TCC (mean follow up 5.75 years). Tissue sections were taken from paraffin embedded slides and imunohistochemical staining performed for CD151. Histological sections from corresponding levels were stained with H&E and compared for CD151 positivity. A database of patient's demographic factors, disease factors and relevant survival information was generated and correlated with disease-free progression and survival. Results: In the RRP group there was a statistically significant difference in CD151 expression between malignant tissue and benign tissue around (p = 0.01) and away from the tumour (p < 0.01). CD151 positivity was statistically associated with biochemical failure p = 0.022 following RRP; Gleason grade and tumor stage were not significantly associated with recurrence in this cohort. CD151 positivity did not correlate with biochemical failure following RC, although tumour stage and nodal status were strong predictors of recurrence. Conclusions: Patients with PCa specimens that stained positively for CD151 were more likely to develop disease recurrence. This study was probably underpowered to show that Gleason score and tumour stage can predict recurrence suggesting that CD151 positivity may be a more sensitive indicator or risk of recurrence in patients following RRP. We speculate that CD151 may have a clinical role in predicting those who may benefit from adjuvant treatment following RRP. While we were able to demonstrate that CD151 seems important in PCa, CD151 does not appear to have any clinical role in predicting recurrence of TCC following RC. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".