Medical Management of Strychnine Poisoning in a Labrador retriever
Bibliographic record
Abstract
One year old Labrador retriever reported in the hospital with severe convulsion and stiffness of all four limbs. History revealed accidental consumption of the bark of Strichnos nux vomica one hour before. Animal showed a saw appearance. Visible Mucous membranes were congested and the body temperature of the animal was elevated. Animal was showing severe dyspnoea and tachycardia upon auscultation. An intravenous injection of xylazine @ 0.5mg/kg body weight was given initially to induce vomiting. An endotracheal tube was fixed. Animal was intubated and artificial respiration was provided. A stomach tube was passed and gastric lavage was done using Luke warm water. Activated charcoal was given @ 2g/kg body weight via the same stomach tube. An intravenous bolus dose of diazepam injection @0.5 mg/kg body weight administered initially followed by continuous rate infusion. Animal was continuously monitored and made an uneventful recovery after 24 hours. Keyword: Strychnine, gastric lavage, activated charcoal. I. Introduction Strychnine is an indole alkaloid obtained from the Strichnos nux vomica and it is mainly used as a pesticide. However malicious or accidental poisoning is common among dogs. It is highly toxic to most of the domestic animals and the oral LD 50 in dog is in between 0.5-1 mg/kg ((Safdar A Khan, 2010)).It mainly affects the nervous system by causing uncontrolled firing of the nerves that cause muscle movement ultimately to muscle injury, muscle cell breakdown, and hyperthermia. Clinical signs include restlessness, anxiety, muscle twitching, stiffness of the neck, generalized seizures, dilated pupils and hyperaesthesia. The respiratory muscles are contracted resulting in difficulty while breathing, lack of oxygen to the body. Severe extensor rigidity of limbs produces a saw horse posture. Clinical signs may be present within 10 minutes to 2 hours of ingestion. Death in strychnine poisoning is due either to exhaustion or asphyxia (J T C McCALLUM and G F KEMPF, 1933).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".