A Hybrid Approach for Optimizing Carbon Footprint in InterCloud Environment
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper focuses on the problem of workload placement in an InterCloud with the view of minimizing the carbon footprint of such a computing environment. In order to reduce the ecological impact of the data center Greenhouse Gas (GhG) emissions, this paper addresses the problem as a whole, by proposing a global mathematical formulation, based on the joint optimization of the Virtual Machine (VM) placement and their related traffics, along with a workload consolidation method and a cooling maximization technique that considers the dynamic behavior of the cooling fans. As the Virtual Machine Placement Problem (VMPP) is classified as an NP-hard problem, with the addition of the traffic embedding, the problem becomes more complex and stays NP-hard. Therefore, we propose a hybrid approach, for solving such problem and find good feasible solutions in a polynomial time. The results obtained from comparing with the exact method and other reference approaches help in assessing the efficiency of the proposed algorithm, as the carbon footprint costs are relatively close to the lower bound, with an average gap of about 3 percent, and found within a reasonable amount of time.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".