Bibliographic record
Abstract
Since the mid-1970s, the economic fortunes of youth have declined substantially and the transition to adulthood has lengthened. This dissertation evaluates the possibility that these trends are related, by evaluating the economic consequences of less-standard temporal organization of schooling and employment events, using Statistics Canada's Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID) and the Youth in Transition Survey (YITS). The first chapter outlines how and why the relationship between youth and the labour market has changed, for better and worse, using estimates of cumulative earnings. The second chapter evaluates the relationship between delays in the attainment of a post-secondary degree and the dynamics of wage and employment growth in the early career, to determine where differences in outcome are observed among delayers and non-delayers, if any. The third chapter evaluates entire sequences of schooling and employment events, spanning nearly a decade, to test the hypothesis that more complex life-course-event organization is positively related to inferior labour market outcomes and slower transitions to adulthood among youth. While less-standard organization of schooling and employment events is found to carry negative consequences in the short-term, outcomes in the longer-term are in many cases found to be more desirable.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".