Adaptation of eco-friendly approach in the production of soluble pozzolanic material
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Silica gel made of natural waste materials of sugarcane bagasse has initiated a new trend in pozzolanic area.The employment of eco-friendly approach by using low concentration acids and natural drying via solar heat-based equipment in the pre-treatment process were projected to minimize the energy consumption in producing silica ash.Conversion of ultrafine silica ash from sugarcane bagasse into silica gel was conducted by-using a modified hydrothermal method.NaOH and HCI solution were employed in the dissolution and gelification of soluble silica.Analysis on the effect of silica gel in cementitious system was evaluated by including it in mortar specimen as a pozzolan to replace certain portions of Portland cement.Inclusion of additional siliceous gel showed enhancement in the cement hydration process, which resulted in early hardening and the consolidated formation of cement matrix to further contribute in the strength development.Measurement of pozzolanic reactivity of silica gel via Chapelle method verified the active consumption of Ca(OH)2 by the soluble silica, which illustrates the possible formation of secondary calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) from the pozzolanic reaction.Densification of pore structure via large voids was observed via porosity test at age of 7 and 28 days.Based on the experimental result of this study, silica gel has presented an encouraging prospect to be used as a cement replacement material.Its rapid reaction during the early age would be beneficial in providing early strength properties to the cement-based product.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".