Electrocatalytic Alcohol Oxidation with Ruthenium Transfer Hydrogenation Catalysts
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Octahedral ruthenium complexes [RuX(CNN)(dppb)] ( 1, X = Cl; 2, X = H; CNN = 2-aminomethyl-6-tolylpyridine, dppb = 1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane) are highly active for the transfer hydrogenation of ketones with isopropanol under ambient conditions. Turnover frequencies of 0.88 and 0.89 s –1 are achieved at 25 °C using 0.1 mol % of 1 or 2, respectively, in the presence of 20 equiv of potassium t -butoxide relative to catalyst. Electrochemical studies reveal that the Ru–hydride 2 is oxidized at low potential (−0.80 V versus ferrocene/ferrocenium, Fc 0/+ ) via a chemically irreversible process with concomitant formation of dihydrogen. Complexes 1 and 2 are active for the electrooxidation of isopropanol in the presence of strong base (potassium t -butoxide) with an onset potential near −1 V versus Fc 0/+ . By cyclic voltammetry, fast turnover frequencies of 3.2 and 4.8 s –1 for isopropanol oxidation are achieved with 1 and 2, respectively. Controlled potential electrolysis studies confirm that the product of isopropanol electrooxidation is acetone, generated with a Faradaic efficiency of 94 ± 5%.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".