Microscale Compression and Shear Testing of Soft Materials Using an MEMS Microgripper With Two-Axis Actuators and Force Sensors
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper reports a microelectromechanical systems (MEMS)-based microgripper, integrating two-axis actuators and force sensors, for microscale compression and shear testing of soft materials. The device employs V-beam electrothermal actuators to drive an active gripping arm and compress or shear a microscale sample grasped at the gripping tips, and two triplate differential capacitive sensors to measure the compression and shear forces applied to the sample with nanonewton resolution (compressive force resolution: 7.7 nN, and shear force resolution: 57.5 nN). Using the microgripper, we demonstrate, for the first time, on-chip compression and shear testing of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microstructures prepared at different crosslinking levels. We believe that this device will be useful for accurately characterizing mechanical properties of a variety of microscale soft materials.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it