Faunal Distribution Across the Ordovician-Silurian Boundary in Ohio and Ontario
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Late Ordovician mass extinction is one of the most extensive faunal events in earth history.However, there have been few local analyses on the faunal turnover at this boundary.In addition, it has been suggested that this boundary does not exhibit marked ecologic change.The purpose of this study is to compare faunal distribution from the Upper Ordovician to the Lower Silurian in terms of faunal turnover, ecologic structure, and genus richness.Samples were collected from strata that represent comparable depositional environments, including the Drakes and Brassfield Formations of Ohio, and the Georgian Bay and Cabot Head Formations of Ontario.Multivariate techniques suggest a change in the composition and abundance ratios of taxa across the boundary in the study region.There is no evidence of significant ecologic restructuring across the Ordovician-Silurian boundary and the distribution of some rarefied samples suggests slightly elevated richness in the Silurian.continued encouragement, guidance, and support throughout this project.Their
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".