Dispersal and density-dependent growth of Atlantic salmon (<i>Salmo salar</i>) juveniles: clumped versus dispersed stocking
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Dispersal from nesting sites and habitat selection are essential for the fitness of young individuals and shape the distribution, growth, and persistence of populations. These processes are important to consider when releasing young, hatchery-origin fishes into the wild to restore extirpated or depleted populations. By manipulating the density of released young-of-the-year (YOY) Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), we evaluated the effects of clumped- (releasing all the fish at one location) and dispersed-stocking (releasing the fish evenly over a complete reach) treatments on juvenile habitat use, dispersal, growth, and survival. Across 14 river reaches, clump-stocked YOY density decreased and growth rate increased with distance downstream, whereas dispersed-stocked YOY densities and growth were relatively constant. Overall, density, spatial variance in density, growth, and survival did not differ between these two stocking treatments, likely due to the greater-than-expected mobility of fish in clumped-stocking reaches; YOY dispersed up to 1600 m, with 41% moving over 200 m downstream. As predicted from previous work, growth rate of individual fish was density-dependent, following a negative power curve. Our results provide insights into how the growth and survival of released individuals are altered via stocking treatments, ultimately shaping their distribution and growth rate.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".